*What Is a Brain Tumor?*
A brain tumor is a collection, or mass, of abnormal cells in your brain. Your skull, which encloses your brain, is very rigid. Any growth inside such a restricted space can cause problems. Brain tumors can be cancerous (malignant) or non-cancerous (benign). When benign or malignant tumors grow, they can cause the pressure inside your skull to increase. This can cause brain damage, and it can be life-threatening.
Brain tumors are categorized as primary or secondary. A primary brain tumor originates in your brain. Many primary brain tumors are benign. A secondary brain tumor, also known as a metastatic brain tumor, occurs when cancer cells spread to your brain from another organ, such as your lung or breast.
Primary brain tumors originate in your brain. They can develop from your:
*What Are the Risk Factors for a Brain Tumor?*
Risk factors for brain tumors include:
*Family History*
Only about 5 to 10 percent of all cancers are genetically inherited, or hereditary. It’s rare for a brain tumor to be genetically inherited. Talk to your doctor if several people in your family have been diagnosed with a brain tumor. Your doctor can recommend a genetic counselor for you.
*Age*
Risk for most types of brain tumors increases with age.
*Race*
Brain tumors are most likely to occur in Caucasians (varungu). However, African-American people are more likely to get meningiomas(growths in the brain).
*Chemical Exposure*
Being exposed to certain chemicals, such as those you might find in a work environment, can increase your risk for brain cancer. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health keeps a list of potential cancer-causing chemicals found in work places.
*Exposure to Radiation*
People who have been exposed to ionizing radiation have an increased risk of brain tumors. You can be exposed to ionizing radiation through high-radiation cancer therapies. You can also be exposed to radiation from nuclear fallout. The nuclear power plant incidents in Fukushima and Chernobyl are examples of how people can be exposed to ionizing radiation.
*No History of Chicken Pox*
According to the American Brain Tumor Association, people with a history of childhood chicken pox have a decreased risk of getting brain tumors.
*What Are the Symptoms of a Brain Tumor*
Symptoms of brain tumors depend on the location and size of the tumor. Tumors cause direct damage by invading brain tissue and causing brain pressure to increase. You’ll have noticeable symptoms when a growing tumor is putting pressure on your brain tissue.
*1)* Headaches are a common symptom of a brain tumor. You may experience headaches that:
are worse in the morning when waking up
occur while you’re sleeping
are made worse by coughing, sneezing, or exercise
You may also experience:
*2)* continous vomiting
*3)* blurred vision or double vision
*4)* confusion
*5)* seizures (especially in adults)
*6)* weakness of a limb or part of the face
*7)* a change in mental functioning
Other common *symptoms include:*
- clumsiness
- memory loss
- confusion
- difficulty writing or reading
- changes in the ability to hear, taste, or smell
- decreased alertness, which may include drowsiness and - loss of consciousness
- difficulty swallowing
- dizziness or vertigo
- eye problems, such as drooping eyelids and unequal pupils
- uncontrollable movements
- hand tremors
- loss of balance
- loss of bladder or bowel control
- numbness or tingling on one side of the body
trouble speaking or understanding what others are saying
- changes in mood, personality, emotions, and behavior
- difficulty walking
- muscle weakness in the face, arm, or leg
Doctors may recommend
*Brain Scan*
A brain scan uses harmless radioactive dye that’s injected into a vein. When the dye goes through the veins in the tumor, an image is taken.
*Skull X-Rays*
Brain tumors can cause breaks or fractures in the bones of the skull, and specific X-rays can show if this has occurred. These X-rays can also pick up calcium deposits, which are sometimes contained within a tumor. Calcium deposits may be in your bloodstream if your cancer has moved to your bones.
*Biopsy*
A small piece of the tumor is obtained during a biopsy. A specialist called a neuropathologist will examine it. The biopsy will identify if the tumor cells are benign or malignant. It will also determine whether the cancer originated in your brain or another part of your body.
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